under

prep.

1. 在（或到、通过）…下面
   in, to or through a position that is below sth
   1. Have you looked under the bed?
      你看了床底下没有？
   2. She placed the ladder under (= just lower than) the window.
      她把梯子立在窗户下面。
   3. The dog squeezed under the gate and ran into the road.
      狗从门底下钻出去，跑到大路上去了。
2. 在…表面下；由…覆盖着
   below the surface of sth; covered by sth
   1. The boat lay under several feet of water.
      那条船沉在水下好几英尺处。
3. 少于；小于；不足；比…年轻
   less than; younger than
   1. an annual income of under £10 000
      不到1万英镑的年收入
   2. It took us under an hour.
      这事花了我们不到一小时。
   3. Nobody under 18 is allowed to buy alcohol.
      未满18岁者不得买酒。
4. 由…控制（或管理、经营）
   used to say who or what controls, governs or manages sb/sth
   1. The country is now under martial law.
      这个国家目前在戒严中。
   2. The coinage was reformed under Elizabeth I (= when she was queen) .
      英国币制在伊丽莎白一世时代作了改革。
   3. She has a staff of 19 working under her.
      她手下有19个职员工作。
   4. Under its new conductor, the orchestra has established an international reputation.
      在新指挥的领导下，这个乐团建立了国际声誉。
5. 根据，按照（协议、法律或制度）
   according to an agreement, a law or a system
   1. Six suspects are being held under the Prevention of Terrorism Act.
      根据《防止恐怖法》，六个嫌疑人被拘押。
   2. Under the terms of the lease you had no right to sublet the property.
      按租约条款的规定，你无权转租这房产。
   3. Is the television still under guarantee?
      这台电视机还在保修期内吗？
6. 在…过程中
   experiencing a particular process
   1. The hotel is still under construction.
      旅馆还在兴建中。
   2. The matter is under investigation.
      此事正在调查中。
7. 由…造成；受…影响
   affected by sth
   1. The wall collapsed under the strain.
      墙壁因承受不了重压而坍塌了。
   2. I've been feeling under stress lately.
      我最近感到压力很大。
   3. I'm under no illusions about what hard work this will be.
      对于这项工作的辛苦，我从不存错误的幻想。
   4. You'll be under anaesthetic, so you won't feel a thing.
      你将被麻醉，所以什么也感觉不到。
8. 用，以（某一名字）
   using a particular name
   1. She also writes under the pseudonym of Barbara Vine.
      她也用芭芭拉∙瓦因的化名从事写作。
9. 在…项下；在（书等中的）某部分
   found in a particular part of a book, list, etc.
   1. If it's not under ‘sports’, try looking under ‘games’.
      如果在“体育运动”项下查不到，就试试“游戏”项吧。

adv.

1. 在下面
   below sth
   1. He pulled up the covers and crawled under.
      他揭开被子钻到里面。
2. 在水下
   below the surface of water
   1. She took a deep breath and stayed under for more than a minute.
      她深吸了一口气，然后潜水一分多钟。
   2. The boat was going under fast.
      小船正迅速下沉。
3. 少于；小于；较年轻
   less; younger
   1. prices of ten dollars and under
      十元及以下的价格
   2. children aged 12 and under
      12岁及以下的儿童
4. 在昏迷中；陷入昏迷状态
   in or into an unconscious state
   1. He felt himself going under.
      他觉得自己将要昏厥。

adj.

1. 较低的；下面的
   lower; underneath
   1. the under layer
      下面的一层
   2. the under surface of a leaf
      叶子的背面

In addition to the uses shown below, under is also used in phrasal verbs such as ‘go under’ and ‘knuckle under’.
除下列用法外，under还可用于go under，knuckle under等短语动词中。

1. PREP 在…下面；在…下方；在…底下
   If a person or thing is under something, they are at a lower level than that thing, and may be covered or hidden by it.
   1. They found a labyrinth of tunnels under the ground.
      他们发现了一处迷宫似的地道。
   2. ...swimming in the pool or lying under an umbrella...
      在泳池里游泳或躺在阳伞底下
   3. Under a wide shelf that holds coffee jars stands a pile of magazines...
      放咖啡罐的一个宽架子下方有一摞杂志。
   4. She buried her head under the covers, pretending to be asleep...
      她把头埋到被子底下，假装睡着了。
   5. A path runs under the trees.
      树下有一条小径。
2. PREP 在（水面）之下；在（水）里
   In a place such as a sea, river, or swimming pool, if someone or something is under the water, they are fully in the water and covered by it.
   1. They said he'd been held under the water and drowned...
      他们说他被按到水里淹死了。
   2. Goldfish were swimming lazily in a group just under the surface.
      金鱼聚在一起贴着水面懒洋洋地游着。
   3. Under is also an adverb.
      
   4. When the water was up to his neck, a hand came from behind and pushed his head under.
      水没到他的脖子时，从后面伸过来一只手把他的头按到了水里。
3. PREP 经由…的底下
   If you go under something, you move from one side to the other of something that is at a higher level than you.
   1. He went under a brick arch...
      他穿过一个砖砌的拱门。
   2. A river boat passed under the bridge.
      一条内河船从桥下经过。
4. PREP 在（尤指一层衣服）的里面（或底下)
   Something that is under a layer of something, especially clothing, is covered by that layer.
   1. I was wearing two sweaters under the green army jacket...
      我在绿军装里套了两件毛线衫。
   2. He had no shirt on under his thin jumper...
      他在薄套头衫里面没有穿衬衣。
   3. It was hard to see the colours under the layer of dust.
      蒙了一层灰尘后颜色就很难看清了。
5. PREP 受…影响；经历
   You can use under before a noun to indicate that a person or thing is being affected by something or is going through a particular process.
   1. ...fishermen whose livelihoods are under threat...
      生计受到威胁的渔夫
   2. I'm rarely under pressure and my co-workers are always nice to me...
      我很少感受到压力，同事们一直对我很好。
   3. Firemen said they had the blaze under control...
      消防队员说他们已经控制住了火势。
   4. The cause of the crash was under investigation...
      事故原因正在调查中。
   5. He was rushed to court yesterday under armed guard.
      昨天他被急匆匆地武装押解到了法庭。
6. PREP 在（…情况或条件）下
   If something happens under particular circumstances or conditions, it happens when those circumstances or conditions exist.
   1. His best friend was killed by police under extremely questionable circumstances...
      他最好的朋友在极其可疑的情况下被警察打死了。
   2. Under normal conditions, only about 20 to 40 per cent of vitamin E is absorbed...
      正常情况下，仅有20%到40%的维生素E会被吸收。
   3. Most doctors and nurses live under stressful conditions.
      大多数医生和护士都承受着很大的压力。
7. PREP 根据，按照，依照（法律、协定、制度等）
   If something happens under a law, agreement, or system, it happens because that law, agreement, or system says that it should happen.
   1. Under law, your employer has the right to hire a temporary worker to replace you...
      根据法律规定，你的雇主有权雇用一名临时工来代替你。
   2. We believe an offence was committed under EU regulations...
      我们认为根据欧盟有关规定已经构成了犯罪。
   3. Under the Constitution, you cannot be tried twice for the same crime.
      依据《宪法》规定，不能一罪两判。
8. PREP 在（…领导）下；在（…当政）期间；在（…统治）之下
   If something happens under a particular person or government, it happens when that person or government is in power.
   1. There would be no new taxes under his leadership.
      在他主政期间不会增加新税种。
   2. ...the realities of life under a brutal dictatorship...
      残暴的独裁统治下的生活现实
   3. The North has been under Communist rule since 1954.
      北方自1954年起就一直处于共产党的统治之下。
9. PREP 在…指导下(学习)；在…手下(工作)
   If you study or work under a particular person, that person teaches you or tells you what to do.
   1. Kiefer was just one of the artists who had studied under Beuys in the early Sixties...
      基弗只是60年代早期师从博伊斯的艺术家之一。
   2. General Lewis Hyde had served under General 'Billy' Mitchell...
      刘易斯·海德将军曾是“比利”·米切尔将军的部下。
   3. I am the new manager and you will be working under me.
      我是新任的经理，你们将在我手下工作。
10. PREP 用（…之名）；以（…的名义）；假借（…之名）
    If you do something under a particular name, you use that name instead of your real name.
    1. Were any of your books published under the name Amanda Fairchild?...
       你们所出版的书里有署名为阿曼达·费尔柴尔德的吗？
    2. The patient was registered under a false name.
       那位患者挂号时用了假名。
11. PREP 在…之下；在…部分里
    You use under to say which section of a list, book, or system something is in.
    1. This study is described under 'General Diseases of the Eye'...
       “普通眼科疾病”这一部分里对该项研究作了描述。
    2. ...a parental rights order under section 4 of the Family Law Reform Act...
       《家庭法改革法案》第4款中有关父母权利的规定
    3. Where would it be?' — 'Filed under C, second drawer down.'
       “它会在哪儿？”——“归放在C字母下，往下数第二个抽屉。”
12. 适合65岁以下人群从事的工作 → see: ...jobs for those under 65...

1. His relationship with the KGB came under scrutiny.
   他与克格勃的关系受到了审查。
2. A gas main had cracked under my neighbour's garage and gas had seeped into our homes
   邻居车库下面的煤气总管裂开了，煤气渗入了我们家。
3. Their economy crumbled under the weight of United Nations sanctions
   在联合国制裁的重压之下，他们的经济崩溃了。
4. This is a reversion to the system under which the Royals were paid for nearly 300 years.
   又恢复了旧时的体制，王室就是在这种制度下接受了近300年的俸禄。
5. They found a labyrinth of tunnels under the ground.
   他们发现了一处迷宫似的地道。
6. Under a wide shelf that holds coffee jars stands a pile of magazines
   放咖啡罐的一个宽架子下方有一摞杂志。
7. She buried her head under the covers, pretending to be asleep
   她把头埋到被子底下，假装睡着了。
8. A path runs under the trees.
   树下有一条小径。
9. They said he'd been held under the water and drowned
   他们说他被按到水里淹死了。
10. Goldfish were swimming lazily in a group just under the surface.
    金鱼聚在一起贴着水面懒洋洋地游着。
11. He went under a brick arch
    他穿过一个砖砌的拱门。
12. A river boat passed under the bridge.
    一条内河船从桥下经过。
13. I was wearing two sweaters under the green army jacket
    我在绿军装里套了两件毛线衫。
14. He had no shirt on under his thin jumper
    他在薄套头衫里面没有穿衬衣。
15. Firemen said they had the blaze under control
    消防队员说他们已经控制住了火势。
16. The cause of the crash was under investigation
    事故原因正在调查中。
17. He was rushed to court yesterday under armed guard.
    昨天他被急匆匆地武装押解到了法庭。
18. Under normal conditions, only about 20 to 40 per cent of vitamin E is absorbed
    正常情况下，仅有20%到40%的维生素E会被吸收。
19. Most doctors and nurses live under stressful conditions.
    大多数医生和护士都承受着很大的压力。
20. Under the Constitution, you cannot be tried twice for the same crime.
    依据《宪法》规定，不能一罪两判。
21. There would be no new taxes under his leadership.
    在他主政期间不会增加新税种。
22. Kiefer was just one of the artists who had studied under Beuys in the early Sixties
    基弗只是60年代早期师从博伊斯的艺术家之一。
23. General Lewis Hyde had served under General 'Billy' Mitchell
    刘易斯·海德将军曾是“比利”·米切尔将军的部下。
24. I am the new manager and you will be working under me.
    我是新任的经理，你们将在我手下工作。
25. Were any of your books published under the name Amanda Fairchild?
    你们所出版的书里有署名为阿曼达·费尔柴尔德的吗？
26. This study is described under 'General Diseases of the Eye'
    “普通眼科疾病”这一部分里对该项研究作了描述。
27. Where would it be? '—' Filed under C, second drawer down. '
    “它会在哪儿？”——“归放在C字母下，往下数第二个抽屉。”
28. The salvage of the ship and cargo was under way.
    打捞沉船和货物的工作正在进行之中。

  under below beneath underneath【导航词义：在…下面】

  under prep. 在…下面，在…底下

〔辨析〕指某物在另一物的下面或底下，两者之间有无一定距离均可。

  below prep. 在…下面，低于

〔辨析〕指某物所处的位置低于另一物。

  beneath prep. 〈正式〉在…下面，在…正下方

〔辨析〕指所处位置时，与 under, below 基本同义，但有时强调在某物的正下方，而且较富有文学性。

  underneath prep. 在…下面，在…底下

〔辨析〕与 under 的意思相近，但含有将某物隐藏或遮盖起来之意。

adj

1. located below or beneath something else
   1. nether garments
   2. the under parts of a machine

   Synonym:    nether

adv

1. further down
   1. see under for further discussion

   Synonym:    below

2. down below
   1. get under quickly!

3. below the horizon
   1. the sun went under

4. below some quantity or limit
   1. fifty dollars or under

5. in or into a state of subordination or subjugation
   1. we must keep our disappointment under

6. down to defeat, death, or ruin
   1. their competitors went under

7. into unconsciousness
   1. this will put the patient under

8. through a range downward
   1. children six and under will be admitted free