presume

verb

1. 假设；假定
   to suppose that sth is true, although you do not have actual proof
   1. They are very expensive, I presume?
      我想这些东西很贵吧？
   2. ‘Is he still abroad?’ ‘ I presume so .’
      “他还在国外吗？”“我想是吧。”
   3. I presumed (that) he understood the rules.
      我相信他明白这些规则。
   4. Little is known of the youngest son; it is presumed that he died young.
      对于最小的儿子一般所知甚少，据推测他已经夭亡。
   5. I presumed him to be her husband.
      我料想那就是她丈夫。
2. 推定；假定
   to accept that sth is true until it is shown not to be true, especially in court
   1. Twelve passengers are missing, presumed dead .
      有十二名旅客失踪，并已推定罹难。
   2. In English law, a person is presumed innocent until proved guilty.
      英国法律规定，在证明一个人有罪之前，他是推定无辜。
   3. We must presume innocence until we have proof of guilt.
      在证实一个人有罪之前，我们必须假定其无辜。
3. 设定；设想；假设
   to accept sth as true or existing and to act on that basis
   1. The course seems to presume some previous knowledge of the subject.
      这门课程似乎是以具备某些基础知识为前提的。
4. 妄行；越权行事
   to behave in a way that shows a lack of respect by doing sth that you have no right to do
   1. I wouldn't presume to tell you how to run your own business.
      我无意告诉你如何经营你自己的事业。

1. VERB （不肯定地）认为，相信，推测
   If you presume that something is the case, you think that it is the case, although you are not certain.
   1. I presume you're here on business...
      我想你是来这里出差的。
   2. Dido's told you the whole sad story, I presume?...
      我想狄多已经把这件伤心事全部告诉你了吧？
   3. 'Had he been home all week?' — 'I presume so.'
      “他整个星期都在家吗？”——“我想是这样的。”
   4. ...areas that have been presumed to be safe...
      被认为很安全的地方
   5. The missing person is presumed dead.
      那名失踪者已被认定死亡。
2. VERB 冒昧；擅自主张；妄行
   If you say that someone presumes to do something, you mean that they do it even though they have no right to do it.
   1. They're resentful that outsiders presume to meddle in their affairs...
      他们对外人擅自干预他们的事务非常愤慨。
   2. I wouldn't presume to question your judgment.
      我不会冒昧地质疑你的判断。
3. VERB 假设；假定
   If an idea, theory, or plan presumes certain facts, it regards them as true so that they can be used as a basis for further ideas and theories.
   1. The legal definition of 'know' often presumes mental control...
      “知晓”的法律定义通常假定存在思维控制能力。
   2. The arrangement presumes that both lenders and borrowers are rational.
      这一协议假定借贷双方都是在神志清楚的状态下签订的。

1. I would not presume to censure Osborne for hating his mother.
   我不会擅自批评奥斯本恨他妈妈这件事。
2. I presume you're here on business
   我想你是来这里出差的。
3. Dido's told you the whole sad story, I presume?
   我想狄多已经把这件伤心事全部告诉你了吧？
4. 'Had he been home all week?' — 'I presume so.'
   “他整个星期都在家吗？”——“我想是这样的。”
5. They're resentful that outsiders presume to meddle in their affairs
   他们对外人擅自干预他们的事务非常愤慨。
6. I wouldn't presume to question your judgment.
   我不会冒昧地质疑你的判断。
7. The legal definition of 'know' often presumes mental control
   “知晓”的法律定义通常假定存在思维控制能力。
8. The arrangement presumes that both lenders and borrowers are rational.
   这一协议假定借贷双方都是在神志清楚的状态下签订的。
9. I presume I am up to this job.
   这个责任我还背得起。
10. I know my place and I wouldn't presume to tell an expert how to do his job.
    我知道我该怎样去做，我不会冒昧地去指挥一个行家的工作。
11. Not daring to presume, I beg you to render a decision.
    未敢擅便，呈请定夺。
12. I would not presume to have the honour.
    不敢当。
13. We mustn't presume too much upon the reliability of such sources.
    我们不应过分指望这类消息来源的可靠性。
14. I presume you brought the down payment.
    你已经带来了定金了吧。
15. If you do not come, I shall presume the deal is off.
    你若是到时候不来，我就认为这笔交易取消了。
16. I hope I am correct to presume that you have merely been delayed in repaying me.
    我猜你只是延缓还我钱，希望我的猜测是正确的。
17. I presume from your pronunciation and intonation that you are a foreigner.
    按你说话的语音语调，我推测你是个外国人。
18. I presume that you are hungry, so I'm making you some sandwiches.
    我估计你饿了，因打算给你做些三明治。
19. I presume our work may have been useful to some of our peers.
    我认为我们的工作对一些同辈有用。
20. Because you are old, the powers that, be presume that you no longer have needs.
    因为你老了，当权者就认为你不再有什么需求了。
21. I would not have allowed him to presume on our hospitality if I had any idea of his motives!
    如果我知道他的动机，我是不会容许他利用我们的好客！
22. Do not presume to know what I am thinking or feeling.
    不要认为自己知道我的想法和感觉。
23. I would not presume to contradict you.
    我没有胆量顶撞你。
24. I presume that none of you have that belief.
    我假定你们中没有人有那个信念。
25. Don't presume upon my forgiveness.
    别指望我的宽恕。
26. I presume they're not coming, since they haven't replied to the invitation.
    鉴于他们还没有回复邀请，我认为他们不会来了。
27. I presume that's not what people meant either.
    我假设这也不是人们要说的意思。
28. But you presume to know everything about me because you saw a painting of mine.
    可是你看了我的一幅画就自以为了解我的一切。
29. You must not presume to speak for me.
    你不要擅自代表我说话。

  assume presume suppose【导航词义：推测，假定】

  assume v. 设想，假定

〔辨析〕指想当然地将未经证实的事当真，比较武断。

  presume v. 〈正式〉假设，假定

〔辨析〕常指以已有的经验、信息等为依据进行合乎逻辑的推测、推断，但结论可能有误。

  suppose v. 〈正式〉假定；猜想

〔辨析〕指在某一前提条件下或根据已有知识、信息等进行推测，有时用于表达意见。

presume on/upon sb/sth

1. 利用（友谊）作过分的要求
   to make use of sb's friendship by asking them for more than you should
   1. They are very expensive, I presume?
      我想这些东西很贵吧？
   2. ‘Is he still abroad?’ ‘ I presume so .’
      “他还在国外吗？”“我想是吧。”
   3. I presumed (that) he understood the rules.
      我相信他明白这些规则。
   4. Little is known of the youngest son; it is presumed that he died young.
      对于最小的儿子一般所知甚少，据推测他已经夭亡。
   5. I presumed him to be her husband.
      我料想那就是她丈夫。

verb

1. take liberties or act with too much confidence

2. take to be the case or to be true
   1. I assume his train was late

   Synonym:    assumetake for granted

3. constitute reasonable evidence for
   1. A restaurant bill presumes the consumption of food

4. take upon oneself
   1. How dare you call my lawyer?

   Synonym:    make bolddare